Residential Segregation Data for U.S. Metro Areas

 

This data is part of a series on segregation in Illinois that resulted from a six-month Governing investigation.


Residential segregation has generally slowly declined over the past several decades following the passage of the 1968 Fair Housing Act. Yet today it remains a pressing issue throughout many areas of the country.

For a current snapshot of segregation across the U.S., Governing compiled the latest tract-level population estimates from the U.S. Census Bureau’s 2013-2017 American Community Survey. Our primary metric was the dissimilarity index, a common measure sociologists use that considers how evenly distributed demographic groups are throughout a larger area. Values represent the percentage of residents of one demographic group who would need to relocate to another neighborhood be fully integrated with another group.

Our analysis focuses on residential segregation at the metro area level. Some reports also publish figures for cities or counties, but these fail to capture segregation taking place across longer distances. (Read the full report methodology.)

Of the different demographic groups examined, by far the highest levels of segregation were between non-Hispanic whites and blacks. The Milwaukee-Waukesha, Wisc., metro area recorded the highest dissimilarity index, followed by New York, Chicago and Detroit-Warren-Dearborn, Mich. Nationally, the median black-white dissimilarity index – which ranges from 0 (fully integrated) to 1 (fully segregated) – was 0.526. 

Metro Area	Black-White Dissimilarity Index	White Population	Black Population
Milwaukee-Waukesha, WI	0.798	1,058,740	257,895
New York-Newark-Jersey City, NY-NJ-PA	0.768	9,028,065	3,106,157
Chicago-Naperville-Elgin, IL-IN-WI	0.753	5,103,511	1,574,192
Detroit-Warren-Dearborn, MI	0.737	2,878,311	955,584
Cleveland-Elyria, OH	0.729	1,451,595	404,358
Peoria, IL	0.724	344,643	35,675
Buffalo-Cheektowaga, NY	0.722	884,722	135,419
Muskegon, MI	0.719	132,180	23,239
Niles, MI	0.718	116,416	22,567
St. Louis, MO-IL	0.717	2,076,246	511,322
Bridgeport-Stamford-Norwalk, CT	0.677	595,323	98,931
Danville, IL	0.675	62,383	10,995
Cincinnati, OH-KY-IN	0.675	1,748,665	261,382
Philadelphia-Camden-Wilmington, PA-NJ-DE-MD	0.670	3,793,936	1,231,099
Youngstown-Warren-Boardman, OH-PA	0.670	457,587	57,288
Los Angeles-Long Beach-Anaheim, CA	0.668	3,983,380	849,139
Flint, MI	0.666	297,950	81,431
Syracuse, NY	0.664	540,810	52,499
Pittsburgh, PA	0.661	2,015,128	188,126
Hartford-East Hartford-Middletown, CT	0.657	829,039	127,182
Rochester, NY	0.651	831,039	117,757
Beaumont-Port Arthur, TX	0.650	223,131	95,980
Boston-Cambridge-Newton, MA-NH	0.650	3,420,779	349,418
Saginaw, MI	0.649	135,088	35,165
Indianapolis-Carmel-Anderson, IN	0.644	1,458,005	293,922
Birmingham-Hoover, AL	0.643	673,553	322,447
Utica-Rome, NY	0.643	251,519	14,237
Dayton-Kettering, OH	0.643	615,120	122,361
Grand Rapids-Kentwood, MI	0.640	824,500	67,106
Harrisburg-Carlisle, PA	0.640	440,844	57,312
Baltimore-Columbia-Towson, MD	0.639	1,605,111	801,713
Miami-Fort Lauderdale-Pompano Beach, FL	0.639	1,891,492	1,217,737
Gadsden, AL	0.638	80,750	15,847
Toledo, OH	0.635	490,881	85,130
New Orleans-Metairie, LA	0.635	653,758	435,693
Chattanooga, TN-GA	0.635	430,036	73,579
Springfield, MA	0.632	501,076	41,990
Lake Charles, LA	0.625	141,765	48,987
Trenton-Princeton, NJ	0.624	189,649	73,583
Columbus, OH	0.624	1,499,969	301,133
Denver-Aurora-Lakewood, CO	0.624	1,808,477	150,520
Monroe, LA	0.623	119,762	76,740
Charleston, WV	0.621	245,504	13,291
Erie, PA	0.619	235,528	18,859
Springfield, OH	0.617	114,419	10,984
Omaha-Council Bluffs, NE-IA	0.614	702,907	68,352
Washington-Arlington-Alexandria, DC-VA-MD-WV	0.614	2,829,862	1,515,787
New Haven-Milford, CT	0.612	553,000	105,661
Cape Coral-Fort Myers, FL	0.610	479,250	57,549
San Francisco-Oakland-Berkeley, CA	0.610	1,873,832	335,084
Albany-Schenectady-Troy, NY	0.609	709,495	64,242
Atlantic City-Hammonton, NJ	0.606	153,899	38,978
Waterloo-Cedar Falls, IA	0.605	144,829	12,074
Michigan City-La Porte, IN	0.605	88,538	12,093
Memphis, TN-MS-AR	0.603	589,730	622,061
Houston-The Woodlands-Sugar Land, TX	0.603	2,469,095	1,116,928
Amarillo, TX	0.603	159,073	15,077
Fort Wayne, IN	0.599	306,402	41,552
Wichita, KS	0.598	459,516	47,108
Scranton--Wilkes-Barre, PA	0.598	476,923	16,844
Battle Creek, MI	0.598	105,142	14,191
Kansas City, MO-KS	0.595	1,525,181	256,523
Jackson, MI	0.595	135,108	13,066
Pine Bluff, AR	0.590	44,276	45,427
Atlanta-Sandy Springs-Alpharetta, GA	0.588	2,747,838	1,887,083
Lansing-East Lansing, MI	0.584	427,051	39,033
North Port-Sarasota-Bradenton, FL	0.583	599,265	49,328
Knoxville, TN	0.581	729,534	48,811
Providence-Warwick, RI-MA	0.581	1,234,563	77,213
Akron, OH	0.580	567,106	84,329
Winston-Salem, NC	0.578	453,378	115,005
Kankakee, IL	0.576	79,961	16,681
Sacramento-Roseville-Folsom, CA	0.572	1,207,093	154,134
Rockford, IL	0.571	241,646	36,630
Louisville/Jefferson County, KY-IN	0.571	952,616	179,033
Springfield, IL	0.571	171,916	25,010
Decatur, AL	0.570	116,498	18,493
Alexandria, LA	0.570	98,207	45,506
Naples-Marco Island, FL	0.568	227,002	24,395
Elkhart-Goshen, IN	0.567	152,901	11,044
Tulsa, OK	0.566	644,092	76,744
Dallas-Fort Worth-Arlington, TX	0.566	3,329,886	1,072,799
Salinas, CA	0.565	132,600	10,621
Little Rock-North Little Rock-Conway, AR	0.564	494,857	167,246
Shreveport-Bossier City, LA	0.564	215,152	158,379
Jackson, MS	0.562	272,725	298,496
Fort Smith, AR-OK	0.561	185,273	10,311
Ann Arbor, MI	0.555	255,347	42,415
Fresno, CA	0.553	293,677	45,217
Lancaster, PA	0.553	443,708	19,261
Columbus, GA-AL	0.551	150,866	131,027
Minneapolis-St. Paul-Bloomington, MN-WI	0.551	2,684,513	278,710
Des Moines-West Des Moines, IA	0.550	542,635	31,155
Tampa-St. Petersburg-Clearwater, FL	0.548	1,911,274	338,273
Montgomery, AL	0.543	183,410	165,052
Baton Rouge, LA	0.543	487,345	299,232
Topeka, KS	0.542	183,117	13,942
Mobile, AL	0.541	249,312	150,080
Tuscaloosa, AL	0.540	145,865	87,647
Nashville-Davidson--Murfreesboro--Franklin, TN	0.539	1,311,363	275,334
Albany, GA	0.538	62,452	79,630
Jacksonville, FL	0.537	924,669	306,301
Roanoke, VA	0.536	246,934	40,586
Canton-Massillon, OH	0.536	351,629	26,756
Norwich-New London, CT	0.534	206,261	14,093
Worcester, MA-CT	0.533	734,527	37,559
Greensboro-High Point, NC	0.533	446,335	197,558
Binghamton, NY	0.532	211,843	10,214
Charlotte-Concord-Gastonia, NC-SC	0.531	1,518,424	546,979
South Bend-Mishawaka, IN-MI	0.531	242,025	36,829
Bakersfield, CA	0.530	310,638	45,024
Carbondale-Marion, IL	0.529	115,757	12,671
Racine, WI	0.529	141,849	20,797
Richmond, VA	0.528	720,264	368,149
Decatur, IL	0.528	82,514	14,906
Sebastian-Vero Beach, FL	0.526	112,347	13,103
Hilton Head Island-Bluffton, SC	0.526	132,245	44,448
Salt Lake City, UT	0.524	850,377	18,653
Reading, PA	0.524	304,286	17,000
York-Hanover, PA	0.523	372,701	23,061
San Diego-Chula Vista-Carlsbad, CA	0.522	1,517,153	154,599
Lima, OH	0.522	84,618	12,231
Seattle-Tacoma-Bellevue, WA	0.516	2,424,748	202,368
Evansville, IN-KY	0.514	274,955	21,191
Oklahoma City, OK	0.514	881,097	136,353
Portland-Vancouver-Hillsboro, OR-WA	0.513	1,768,699	65,403
Brunswick, GA	0.512	78,956	26,921
Davenport-Moline-Rock Island, IA-IL	0.510	304,727	28,526
Waco, TX	0.509	148,355	39,061
Oxnard-Thousand Oaks-Ventura, CA	0.505	391,128	13,416
Columbia, SC	0.503	460,354	266,639
Macon-Bibb County, GA	0.503	114,048	102,825
Springfield, MO	0.498	411,116	10,396
Orlando-Kissimmee-Sanford, FL	0.498	1,159,635	366,969
Kalamazoo-Portage, MI	0.497	202,780	27,499
Asheville, NC	0.497	380,509	19,942
Madison, WI	0.493	529,495	27,232
Phoenix-Mesa-Chandler, AZ	0.492	2,573,055	228,477
Champaign-Urbana, IL	0.492	157,340	27,110
Lexington-Fayette, KY	0.492	389,724	54,008
Austin-Round Rock-Georgetown, TX	0.491	1,057,470	138,478
Poughkeepsie-Newburgh-Middletown, NY	0.491	460,773	64,950
San Antonio-New Braunfels, TX	0.491	815,389	149,045
Hattiesburg, MS	0.489	109,427	49,191
Anchorage, AK	0.487	257,342	16,682
Allentown-Bethlehem-Easton, PA-NJ	0.487	622,358	39,215
Corpus Christi, TX	0.487	135,054	13,907
Savannah, GA	0.484	211,283	125,107
Wichita Falls, TX	0.479	104,299	13,148
Rome, GA	0.478	68,872	13,938
Lubbock, TX	0.478	167,660	20,760
Bowling Green, KY	0.477	141,891	12,055
Huntsville, AL	0.476	300,880	96,664
Port St. Lucie, FL	0.475	298,050	65,902
Tyler, TX	0.475	134,122	38,746
Ocala, FL	0.473	245,045	42,355
Lincoln, NE	0.473	267,683	11,992
Panama City, FL	0.471	139,208	19,358
Lafayette, LA	0.470	330,860	119,292
Deltona-Daytona Beach-Ormond Beach, FL	0.470	456,651	63,643
Virginia Beach-Norfolk-Newport News, VA-NC	0.469	980,510	527,850
Palm Bay-Melbourne-Titusville, FL	0.469	427,709	55,543
Stockton, CA	0.468	240,170	48,175
Anniston-Oxford, AL	0.467	84,006	23,553
Wilmington, NC	0.467	212,008	39,741
Elizabethtown-Fort Knox, KY	0.466	120,531	13,599
Pensacola-Ferry Pass-Brent, FL	0.465	339,161	76,510
Durham-Chapel Hill, NC	0.465	334,005	163,494
Jefferson City, MO	0.464	130,468	11,456
Vineland-Bridgeton, NJ	0.464	73,427	27,464
Riverside-San Bernardino-Ontario, CA	0.464	1,493,828	309,795
Fayetteville-Springdale-Rogers, AR	0.461	362,108	11,658
San Jose-Sunnyvale-Santa Clara, CA	0.456	643,138	45,916
Valdosta, GA	0.455	80,741	48,983
Augusta-Richmond County, GA-SC	0.454	325,307	207,247
Dothan, AL	0.453	104,038	34,778
Jonesboro, AR	0.449	101,686	15,261
Manhattan, KS	0.448	99,530	10,888
Salisbury, MD-DE	0.447	281,027	69,418
Killeen-Temple, TX	0.447	218,933	81,600
Athens-Clarke County, GA	0.443	134,020	40,716
Gainesville, GA	0.442	118,722	14,050
Vallejo, CA	0.438	169,436	59,862
Burlington, NC	0.437	102,558	29,769
Cedar Rapids, IA	0.436	235,541	11,259
Tucson, AZ	0.435	529,974	32,055
Jackson, TN	0.434	118,691	48,604
Tallahassee, FL	0.432	211,742	123,067
Texarkana, TX-AR	0.432	99,889	35,598
Urban Honolulu, HI	0.432	185,366	21,577
Gulfport-Biloxi, MS	0.430	279,067	86,154
Lakeland-Winter Haven, FL	0.427	397,742	95,997
Albuquerque, NM	0.424	361,857	20,345
Greenville-Anderson, SC	0.424	638,713	143,771
Daphne-Fairhope-Foley, AL	0.424	168,951	19,238
Houma-Thibodaux, LA	0.423	151,302	34,536
Gainesville, FL	0.423	207,993	55,978
Raleigh-Cary, NC	0.422	788,837	249,000
Abilene, TX	0.420	110,168	13,111
Myrtle Beach-Conway-North Myrtle Beach, SC-NC	0.420	339,273	54,776
Spartanburg, SC	0.419	204,830	60,568
Hickory-Lenoir-Morganton, NC	0.418	296,323	23,764
Hagerstown-Martinsburg, MD-WV	0.412	231,342	23,084
College Station-Bryan, TX	0.411	142,682	27,287
Modesto, CA	0.404	232,230	13,607
Charleston-North Charleston, SC	0.401	476,691	194,318
Las Vegas-Henderson-Paradise, NV	0.395	931,891	228,127
Lynchburg, VA	0.393	197,994	44,249
Clarksville, TN-KY	0.392	196,922	51,992
Goldsboro, NC	0.390	67,352	37,503
Colorado Springs, CO	0.390	493,039	39,294
California-Lexington Park, MD	0.390	83,340	15,760
Bloomington, IL	0.387	138,256	13,850
Columbia, MO	0.375	163,498	16,505
Crestview-Fort Walton Beach-Destin, FL	0.374	200,734	21,850
Rocky Mount, NC	0.366	67,675	67,804
El Paso, TX	0.366	104,564	25,388
New Bern, NC	0.365	83,857	27,031
Florence-Muscle Shoals, AL	0.365	121,482	17,779
Hammond, LA	0.361	81,854	37,900
Auburn-Opelika, AL	0.356	105,864	35,923
Charlottesville, VA	0.353	160,357	25,233
Florence, SC	0.352	109,994	85,917
Greenville, NC	0.345	97,236	60,582
Longview, TX	0.342	181,481	51,622
Jacksonville, NC	0.333	128,724	26,342
Sumter, SC	0.333	65,250	66,833
East Stroudsburg, PA	0.329	113,048	21,807
Fayetteville, NC	0.321	249,795	161,610
Lawton, OK	0.317	74,514	20,185
Dover, DE	0.288	108,627	41,729
Warner Robins, GA	0.274	98,827	56,629
Hinesville, GA	0.271	35,460	29,132

SOURCE: Governing analysis of 2017 5-year American Community Survey data
Our data show stark differences throughout various regions of the country. Areas of the Northeast and industrial Midwest recorded the highest levels of racial segregation. Segregation between blacks and whites was lowest in the South and parts of the western U.S., such as Fayetteville, N.C., and Colorado Springs, Colo.

Typically, more recently developed metro areas tend to be less segregated than older areas. Areas with smaller populations are also generally less segregated than major metro areas. Research suggests college towns and areas with large military installations tend to have lower levels of residential segregation as well.

Metro Area Residential Segregation Map

Segregation Among Other Demographic Groups

Results for other demographic groups depict considerably less segregation in most (but not all) places. Segregation between Hispanics and non-Hispanics was least prevalent nationally of the groups examined.

Segregation Type	Median Metro Area Dissimilarity Index	Number of Metro Areas
Black-White (Non Hispanic)	0.526	233
Asian-White (Non Hispanic)	0.467	131
Hispanic-Non Hispanic	0.371	256
Hispanic-Non Hispanic White	0.407	255
Hispanic White-Non Hispanic Black	0.443	155
Hispanic-Non Hispanic Black	0.412	183

SOURCE: Governing analysis of 2017 5-year American Community Survey data
The following table lists dissimilarity indices comparing how two different demographic groups are distributed within each metro area. Figures are not shown for areas with fewer than 10,000 residents of a corresponding race or ethnicity.

Metro Area	Hispanic-Non Hispanic	Asian-White (Non Hispanic)	Hispanic-Non Hispanic White	Hispanic White-Non Hispanic Black	Hispanic-Non Hispanic Black
Abilene, TX	0.344		0.379	0.425	0.397
Akron, OH	0.367	0.525	0.393		0.530
Albany, GA
Albany-Lebanon, OR	0.297		0.298
Albany-Schenectady-Troy, NY	0.351	0.467	0.413	0.446	0.344
Albuquerque, NM	0.338	0.413	0.353	0.402	0.398
Alexandria, LA
Allentown-Bethlehem-Easton, PA-NJ	0.512	0.439	0.542	0.306	0.315
Amarillo, TX	0.387		0.445	0.409	0.407
Anchorage, AK	0.215	0.461	0.285	0.383	0.365
Ann Arbor, MI	0.259	0.481	0.308	0.473	0.421
Anniston-Oxford, AL
Asheville, NC	0.374		0.380	0.503	0.519
Athens-Clarke County, GA	0.391		0.441	0.361	0.366
Atlanta-Sandy Springs-Alpharetta, GA	0.418	0.516	0.490	0.548	0.519
Atlantic City-Hammonton, NJ	0.316	0.539	0.441	0.427	0.388
Auburn-Opelika, AL
Augusta-Richmond County, GA-SC	0.322	0.467	0.354	0.523	0.433
Austin-Round Rock-Georgetown, TX	0.377	0.420	0.416	0.345	0.335
Bakersfield, CA	0.463	0.481	0.520	0.499	0.461
Baltimore-Columbia-Towson, MD	0.385	0.477	0.440	0.576	0.537
Baton Rouge, LA	0.383	0.585	0.399	0.556	0.526
Battle Creek, MI
Beaumont-Port Arthur, TX	0.386	0.593	0.487	0.482	0.465
Bellingham, WA	0.239		0.240
Bend, OR	0.298		0.301
Binghamton, NY
Birmingham-Hoover, AL	0.444	0.523	0.469	0.660	0.594
Bloomington, IL
Boise City, ID	0.372	0.333	0.371
Boston-Cambridge-Newton, MA-NH	0.530	0.464	0.590	0.565	0.523
Boulder, CO	0.392	0.329	0.390
Bowling Green, KY
Bremerton-Silverdale-Port Orchard, WA	0.231	0.298	0.253
Bridgeport-Stamford-Norwalk, CT	0.467	0.358	0.572	0.321	0.276
Brownsville-Harlingen, TX	0.393		0.417
Brunswick, GA
Buffalo-Cheektowaga, NY	0.442	0.593	0.502	0.619	0.574
Burlington, NC	0.380		0.460		0.250
California-Lexington Park, MD
Canton-Massillon, OH
Cape Coral-Fort Myers, FL	0.401	0.436	0.449	0.379	0.363
Carbondale-Marion, IL
Carson City, NV	0.247		0.247
Cedar Rapids, IA
Champaign-Urbana, IL	0.302	0.516	0.360		0.405
Charleston, WV
Charleston-North Charleston, SC	0.362	0.396	0.410	0.412	0.385
Charlotte-Concord-Gastonia, NC-SC	0.391	0.521	0.478	0.422	0.375
Charlottesville, VA	0.367		0.395		0.415
Chattanooga, TN-GA	0.437		0.455	0.572	0.568
Cheyenne, WY	0.263		0.270
Chicago-Naperville-Elgin, IL-IN-WI	0.524	0.471	0.553	0.709	0.696
Chico, CA	0.266		0.281
Cincinnati, OH-KY-IN	0.404	0.535	0.433	0.636	0.594
Clarksville, TN-KY	0.345		0.409	0.321	0.298
Cleveland-Elyria, OH	0.511	0.517	0.534	0.726	0.706
College Station-Bryan, TX	0.346	0.426	0.386	0.303	0.305
Colorado Springs, CO	0.270	0.318	0.302	0.256	0.228
Columbia, MO
Columbia, SC	0.344	0.470	0.383	0.558	0.467
Columbus, GA-AL	0.353		0.388	0.576	0.489
Columbus, OH	0.393	0.489	0.470	0.534	0.452
Corpus Christi, TX	0.369		0.391	0.405	0.401
Crestview-Fort Walton Beach-Destin, FL	0.252		0.269		0.347
Dallas-Fort Worth-Arlington, TX	0.422	0.492	0.501	0.445	0.432
Dalton, GA	0.441		0.459
Danville, IL
Daphne-Fairhope-Foley, AL
Davenport-Moline-Rock Island, IA-IL	0.343		0.370	0.433	0.423
Dayton-Kettering, OH	0.362	0.469	0.379	0.685	0.610
Decatur, AL	0.504		0.552		0.360
Decatur, IL
Deltona-Daytona Beach-Ormond Beach, FL	0.378	0.428	0.393	0.478	0.469
Denver-Aurora-Lakewood, CO	0.444	0.395	0.482	0.571	0.520
Des Moines-West Des Moines, IA	0.445	0.481	0.480	0.387	0.341
Detroit-Warren-Dearborn, MI	0.466	0.559	0.476	0.747	0.721
Dothan, AL
Dover, DE	0.189		0.239		0.184
Durham-Chapel Hill, NC	0.360	0.476	0.467	0.364	0.318
East Stroudsburg, PA	0.241		0.279	0.235	0.196
El Centro, CA	0.381		0.395
Elizabethtown-Fort Knox, KY
Elkhart-Goshen, IN	0.371		0.407	0.451	0.438
El Paso, TX	0.391		0.407	0.492	0.497
Erie, PA	0.404		0.449		0.325
Eugene-Springfield, OR	0.287		0.293
Evansville, IN-KY
Farmington, NM	0.352		0.287
Fayetteville, NC	0.179	0.377	0.218	0.263	0.251
Fayetteville-Springdale-Rogers, AR	0.457	0.430	0.468	0.578	0.540
Flagstaff, AZ	0.316		0.243
Flint, MI	0.317		0.334		0.587
Florence, SC
Florence-Muscle Shoals, AL
Fort Collins, CO	0.224		0.228
Fort Smith, AR-OK	0.514		0.538	0.276	0.265
Fort Wayne, IN	0.401	0.540	0.473	0.346	0.324
Fresno, CA	0.383	0.402	0.464	0.473	0.445
Gadsden, AL
Gainesville, FL	0.211	0.457	0.228	0.436	0.408
Gainesville, GA	0.483		0.530	0.400	0.387
Goldsboro, NC	0.370		0.404		0.421
Grand Island, NE	0.467		0.486
Grand Junction, CO	0.224		0.231
Grand Rapids-Kentwood, MI	0.475	0.473	0.510	0.543	0.546
Greeley, CO	0.355		0.365
Green Bay, WI	0.461		0.483
Greensboro-High Point, NC	0.340	0.548	0.429	0.420	0.427
Greenville, NC	0.264		0.284		0.361
Greenville-Anderson, SC	0.365	0.524	0.401	0.471	0.406
Gulfport-Biloxi, MS	0.348		0.388	0.403	0.376
Hagerstown-Martinsburg, MD-WV	0.261		0.302		0.290
Hammond, LA
Hanford-Corcoran, CA	0.334		0.368
Harrisburg-Carlisle, PA	0.409	0.483	0.479	0.399	0.330
Harrisonburg, VA	0.412		0.433
Hartford-East Hartford-Middletown, CT	0.504	0.407	0.569	0.467	0.424
Hattiesburg, MS
Hickory-Lenoir-Morganton, NC	0.417	0.492	0.444		0.400
Hilton Head Island-Bluffton, SC	0.427		0.444	0.526	0.532
Hinesville, GA
Houma-Thibodaux, LA
Houston-The Woodlands-Sugar Land, TX	0.405	0.508	0.517	0.447	0.430
Huntsville, AL	0.356	0.413	0.405	0.414	0.397
Idaho Falls, ID	0.256		0.260
Indianapolis-Carmel-Anderson, IN	0.424	0.504	0.496	0.460	0.415
Ithaca, NY		0.536
Jackson, MI
Jackson, MS	0.461		0.501		0.528
Jackson, TN
Jacksonville, FL	0.260	0.424	0.296	0.497	0.451
Jacksonville, NC	0.188		0.235	0.351	0.268
Janesville-Beloit, WI	0.397		0.427
Jefferson City, MO
Jonesboro, AR
Joplin, MO	0.427		0.429
Kahului-Wailuku-Lahaina, HI	0.189	0.511	0.312
Kalamazoo-Portage, MI	0.306		0.336		0.397
Kankakee, IL	0.290		0.370		0.323
Kansas City, MO-KS	0.401	0.478	0.451	0.546	0.504
Kennewick-Richland, WA	0.425		0.436
Killeen-Temple, TX	0.172	0.414	0.274	0.330	0.275
Kingston, NY	0.293		0.316
Knoxville, TN	0.407	0.515	0.430	0.567	0.516
Lafayette, LA	0.324		0.336	0.555	0.497
Lafayette-West Lafayette, IN	0.368	0.648	0.383
Lake Charles, LA
Lake Havasu City-Kingman, AZ	0.246		0.246
Lakeland-Winter Haven, FL	0.309	0.457	0.335	0.387	0.384
Lancaster, PA	0.464	0.446	0.492	0.316	0.248
Lansing-East Lansing, MI	0.308	0.626	0.359	0.426	0.353
Laredo, TX	0.370
Las Cruces, NM	0.338		0.327
Las Vegas-Henderson-Paradise, NV	0.367	0.329	0.423	0.302	0.316
Lawton, OK	0.167		0.208		0.239
Lebanon, PA	0.566		0.576
Lexington-Fayette, KY	0.378	0.483	0.406	0.414	0.374
Lima, OH
Lincoln, NE	0.362	0.472	0.386	0.347	0.337
Little Rock-North Little Rock-Conway, AR	0.373	0.525	0.437	0.467	0.432
Logan, UT-ID	0.302		0.312
Longview, TX	0.298		0.362	0.279	0.269
Los Angeles-Long Beach-Anaheim, CA	0.507	0.482	0.612	0.563	0.536
Louisville/Jefferson County, KY-IN	0.381	0.526	0.409	0.555	0.517
Lubbock, TX	0.303		0.344	0.372	0.366
Lynchburg, VA
Macon-Bibb County, GA
Madera, CA	0.442		0.467
Madison, WI	0.370	0.468	0.398	0.385	0.367
Manchester-Nashua, NH	0.457	0.457	0.475
Manhattan, KS	0.272		0.313		0.233
McAllen-Edinburg-Mission, TX	0.412		0.396
Medford, OR	0.299		0.310
Memphis, TN-MS-AR	0.449	0.490	0.532	0.600	0.508
Merced, CA	0.275	0.408	0.321
Miami-Fort Lauderdale-Pompano Beach, FL	0.521	0.420	0.562	0.643	0.624
Michigan City-La Porte, IN
Midland, TX	0.356		0.397
Milwaukee-Waukesha, WI	0.525	0.472	0.552	0.781	0.753
Minneapolis-St. Paul-Bloomington, MN-WI	0.391	0.476	0.444	0.444	0.412
Mobile, AL	0.402		0.391		0.582
Modesto, CA	0.326	0.371	0.349	0.387	0.389
Monroe, LA
Montgomery, AL	0.483		0.513		0.551
Mount Vernon-Anacortes, WA	0.399		0.409
Muskegon, MI
Myrtle Beach-Conway-North Myrtle Beach, SC-NC	0.382		0.392	0.476	0.462
Napa, CA	0.279	0.597	0.290
Naples-Marco Island, FL	0.425		0.473	0.284	0.280
Nashville-Davidson--Murfreesboro--Franklin, TN	0.417	0.489	0.467	0.458	0.419
New Bern, NC
New Haven-Milford, CT	0.449	0.361	0.531	0.402	0.347
New Orleans-Metairie, LA	0.379	0.536	0.421	0.602	0.561
New York-Newark-Jersey City, NY-NJ-PA	0.479	0.529	0.603	0.609	0.536
Niles, MI
North Port-Sarasota-Bradenton, FL	0.385	0.376	0.421	0.423	0.418
Norwich-New London, CT	0.420	0.395	0.464	0.319	0.276
Ocala, FL	0.313		0.346	0.353	0.341
Odessa, TX	0.273		0.296
Ogden-Clearfield, UT	0.365		0.374
Oklahoma City, OK	0.455	0.457	0.480	0.572	0.551
Olympia-Lacey-Tumwater, WA	0.221	0.314	0.242
Omaha-Council Bluffs, NE-IA	0.478	0.467	0.512	0.640	0.616
Orlando-Kissimmee-Sanford, FL	0.378	0.386	0.419	0.480	0.464
Oxnard-Thousand Oaks-Ventura, CA	0.505	0.318	0.542	0.443	0.428
Palm Bay-Melbourne-Titusville, FL	0.240	0.349	0.264	0.372	0.341
Panama City, FL	0.294		0.323		0.408
Pensacola-Ferry Pass-Brent, FL	0.248	0.355	0.268	0.479	0.480
Peoria, IL	0.385		0.436		0.455
Philadelphia-Camden-Wilmington, PA-NJ-DE-MD	0.469	0.447	0.544	0.563	0.527
Phoenix-Mesa-Chandler, AZ	0.446	0.392	0.489	0.362	0.351
Pine Bluff, AR
Pittsburgh, PA	0.372	0.586	0.400	0.651	0.586
Portland-Vancouver-Hillsboro, OR-WA	0.331	0.410	0.347	0.494	0.484
Port St. Lucie, FL	0.342		0.404	0.297	0.292
Poughkeepsie-Newburgh-Middletown, NY	0.325	0.388	0.380	0.334	0.300
Prescott Valley-Prescott, AZ	0.277		0.281
Providence-Warwick, RI-MA	0.556	0.442	0.602	0.353	0.326
Provo-Orem, UT	0.315		0.320
Pueblo, CO	0.299		0.309
Punta Gorda, FL	0.243		0.262
Racine, WI	0.402		0.470	0.245	0.220
Raleigh-Cary, NC	0.334	0.518	0.396	0.342	0.301
Reading, PA	0.633		0.661	0.360	0.351
Redding, CA	0.207		0.220
Reno, NV	0.378	0.315	0.400
Richmond, VA	0.422	0.495	0.495	0.524	0.473
Riverside-San Bernardino-Ontario, CA	0.362	0.432	0.421	0.352	0.359
Roanoke, VA	0.367		0.410		0.464
Rochester, NY	0.425	0.504	0.490	0.407	0.356
Rockford, IL	0.378		0.433	0.421	0.388
Rocky Mount, NC
Rome, GA	0.409		0.462		0.421
Sacramento-Roseville-Folsom, CA	0.291	0.497	0.384	0.407	0.364
Saginaw, MI	0.321		0.439	0.450	0.406
St. George, UT	0.305		0.316
St. Louis, MO-IL	0.368	0.500	0.382	0.667	0.638
Salem, OR	0.400		0.416
Salinas, CA	0.558	0.407	0.596	0.637	0.655
Salisbury, MD-DE	0.365		0.393	0.441	0.429
Salt Lake City, UT	0.399	0.365	0.427	0.450	0.460
San Angelo, TX	0.312		0.326
San Antonio-New Braunfels, TX	0.405	0.456	0.447	0.469	0.452
San Diego-Chula Vista-Carlsbad, CA	0.423	0.494	0.487	0.433	0.408
San Francisco-Oakland-Berkeley, CA	0.401	0.464	0.497	0.461	0.418
San Jose-Sunnyvale-Santa Clara, CA	0.426	0.446	0.482	0.433	0.410
San Luis Obispo-Paso Robles, CA	0.280		0.291
Santa Cruz-Watsonville, CA	0.516	0.385	0.531
Santa Fe, NM	0.398		0.438
Santa Maria-Santa Barbara, CA	0.449	0.378	0.474
Santa Rosa-Petaluma, CA	0.331	0.317	0.350
Savannah, GA	0.306		0.345	0.477	0.438
Scranton--Wilkes-Barre, PA	0.555		0.575	0.511	0.505
Seattle-Tacoma-Bellevue, WA	0.305	0.396	0.352	0.425	0.374
Sebastian-Vero Beach, FL	0.349		0.392	0.455	0.481
Sebring-Avon Park, FL	0.289		0.319
Sherman-Denison, TX	0.321		0.337
Shreveport-Bossier City, LA	0.365		0.381		0.552
Sierra Vista-Douglas, AZ	0.374		0.388
Sioux City, IA-NE-SD	0.467		0.507
South Bend-Mishawaka, IN-MI	0.394		0.450	0.393	0.379
Spartanburg, SC	0.416		0.457	0.478	0.445
Spokane-Spokane Valley, WA	0.248	0.378	0.266
Springfield, IL
Springfield, MA	0.574	0.471	0.622	0.416	0.402
Springfield, MO	0.302		0.314		0.421
Springfield, OH
Stockton, CA	0.274	0.480	0.330	0.394	0.370
Sumter, SC
Syracuse, NY	0.377	0.555	0.439	0.493	0.421
Tallahassee, FL	0.256		0.316	0.410	0.380
Tampa-St. Petersburg-Clearwater, FL	0.349	0.425	0.402	0.450	0.425
Texarkana, TX-AR
Toledo, OH	0.323		0.363	0.564	0.529
Topeka, KS	0.367		0.409	0.352	0.303
Trenton-Princeton, NJ	0.467	0.450	0.556	0.428	0.417
Tucson, AZ	0.416	0.340	0.448	0.443	0.435
Tulsa, OK	0.433	0.481	0.471	0.460	0.445
Tuscaloosa, AL
Twin Falls, ID	0.267		0.266
Tyler, TX	0.440		0.514	0.353	0.338
Urban Honolulu, HI	0.255	0.447	0.347	0.388	0.462
Utica-Rome, NY	0.498		0.551		0.301
Valdosta, GA
Vallejo, CA	0.248	0.404	0.304	0.287	0.279
Victoria, TX	0.314		0.367
Vineland-Bridgeton, NJ	0.417		0.487	0.401	0.382
Virginia Beach-Norfolk-Newport News, VA-NC	0.293	0.401	0.359	0.471	0.391
Visalia, CA	0.353	0.452	0.377
Waco, TX	0.354		0.428	0.330	0.313
Walla Walla, WA	0.274		0.282
Warner Robins, GA	0.277		0.296		0.353
Washington-Arlington-Alexandria, DC-VA-MD-WV	0.404	0.415	0.484	0.564	0.506
Waterloo-Cedar Falls, IA
Wenatchee, WA	0.301		0.297
Wichita, KS	0.391	0.472	0.436	0.506	0.494
Wichita Falls, TX	0.322		0.364	0.382	0.377
Wilmington, NC	0.370		0.393	0.550	0.459
Winchester, VA-WV	0.403		0.426
Winston-Salem, NC	0.374	0.526	0.464	0.365	0.339
Worcester, MA-CT	0.493	0.508	0.518	0.429	0.408
Yakima, WA	0.491		0.515
York-Hanover, PA	0.474		0.506	0.295	0.270
Youngstown-Warren-Boardman, OH-PA	0.450		0.500	0.506	0.453
Yuba City, CA	0.265	0.380	0.270
Yuma, AZ	0.460		0.488

SOURCE: Governing analysis of 2017 5-year American Community Survey data
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About the Data

Dissimilarity indices range from 0, representing complete integration, to a value of 1, meaning an area is entirely segregated. Geographic definitions for metro areas are based on the most recent revised deliniations issued in September 2018 by the federal Office of Management and Budget. Data were calculated from 2017 five-year Census American Community Survey tract-level population estimates, which are subject to margins of error. Values were only calculated for areas with at least 10,000 residents for each group analyzed to exclude less reliable results. (Read the full report methodology.)